当前位置:Java -> Querydsl vs. JPA Criteria,第6部分:Spring Boot 3.2升级指南,适用于Spring Data JPA和Querydsl项目
去年,我为Spring Boot 3.0.x 升级写了一篇文章《Spring Boot 3.0升级指南:Spring Data JPA和Querydsl》。现在,我们有了Spring Boot 3.2。让我们看看升级至Spring Boot 3.2.2可能遇到的两个问题。
SAT 项目中使用的技术包括:
Spring Boot 3.2 中的所有变化在《Spring Boot 3.2发布说明》以及Spring Framework 6.1的《6.1版本的新功能》中有描述。
Spring Boot 3.2.2 的最新变化可以在GitHub上找到。
hibernate-jpamodelgen
行为的改变,对Hibernate依赖的处理方式不同Unpaged
类进行了重新设计我们先从Hibernate依赖开始。
最大的变化来自hibernate-jpamodelgen
依赖,它用于生成静态元模型。在Hibernate 6.3中,处理依赖的方式已经改变,以缓解传递性依赖。Spring Boot 3.2.0将hibernate-jpamodelgen
依赖提升至6.3版本(见依赖升级)。不幸的是,新版本会导致编译错误(见下文)。
注意:这里使用的Spring Boot 3.2.2 已经使用了具有相同行为的Hibernate 6.4.
由于这一变化,我们的项目(使用Maven构建)在Spring Boot 3.2.2上的编译失败,出现如下错误:
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 3.049 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-01-05T08:43:10+01:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.11.0:compile (default-compile) on project sat-jpa: Compilation failure: Compilation failure:
[ERROR] on the class path. A future release of javac may disable annotation processing
[ERROR] unless at least one processor is specified by name (-processor), or a search
[ERROR] path is specified (--processor-path, --processor-module-path), or annotation
[ERROR] processing is enabled explicitly (-proc:only, -proc:full).
[ERROR] Use -Xlint:-options to suppress this message.
[ERROR] Use -proc:none to disable annotation processing.
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\city\CityRepository.java:[3,41] error: cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol: class City_
[ERROR] location: package com.github.aha.sat.jpa.city
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\city\CityRepository.java:[3] error: static import only from classes and interfaces
...
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\country\CountryCustomRepositoryImpl.java:[4] error: static import only from classes and interfaces
[ERROR] java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: net/bytebuddy/matcher/ElementMatcher
[ERROR] at org.hibernate.jpamodelgen.validation.ProcessorSessionFactory.<clinit>(ProcessorSessionFactory.java:69)
[ERROR] at org.hibernate.jpamodelgen.annotation.AnnotationMeta.handleNamedQuery(AnnotationMeta.java:104)
[ERROR] at org.hibernate.jpamodelgen.annotation.AnnotationMeta.handleNamedQueryRepeatableAnnotation(AnnotationMeta.java:78)
[ERROR] at org.hibernate.jpamodelgen.annotation.AnnotationMeta.checkNamedQueries(AnnotationMeta.java:57)
[ERROR] at org.hibernate.jpamodelgen.annotation.AnnotationMetaEntity.init(AnnotationMetaEntity.java:297)
[ERROR] at org.hibernate.jpamodelgen.annotation.AnnotationMetaEntity.create(AnnotationMetaEntity.java:135)
[ERROR] at org.hibernate.jpamodelgen.JPAMetaModelEntityProcessor.handleRootElementAnnotationMirrors(JPAMetaModelEntityProcessor.java:360)
[ERROR] at org.hibernate.jpamodelgen.JPAMetaModelEntityProcessor.processClasses(JPAMetaModelEntityProcessor.java:203)
[ERROR] at org.hibernate.jpamodelgen.JPAMetaModelEntityProcessor.process(JPAMetaModelEntityProcessor.java:174)
[ERROR] at jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.processing.JavacProcessingEnvironment.callProcessor(JavacProcessingEnvironment.java:1021)
[ER...
[ERROR] at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:348)
[ERROR] Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: net.bytebuddy.matcher.ElementMatcher
[ERROR] at java.base/java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:445)
[ERROR] at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:593)
[ERROR] at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:526)
[ERROR] ... 51 more
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoFailureException
这是由于Hibernate迁移指南中声明的静态元模型生成方法的变化所致(参见集成静态元模型生成和原始问题HHH-17362)。他们对这种更改的解释是:
"... 在之前的Hibernate ORM版本中,您在毫不知情的情况下将
hibernate-jpamodelgen
的依赖泄漏到了您的编译类路径中。使用Hibernate ORM 6.3,您现在可能在注解处理期间遇到与缺少Antlr类相关的编译错误。”
如下面的截图中所示,Hibernate的依赖确实发生了变化。
正如迁移指南中所述,我们需要将pom.xml
从一个简单的Maven依赖更改为Maven编译器插件的注解处理器路径(参见文档)。
我们可以按照上一篇文章的建议,移除Maven依赖hibernate-jpamodelgen
和querydsl-apt
。相反,pom.xml
必须通过maven-compiler-plugin
定义静态元模型生成器,如下所示:
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<annotationProcessorPaths>
<path>
<groupId>org.hibernate.orm</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-jpamodelgen</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</path>
<path>
<groupId>com.querydsl</groupId>
<artifactId>querydsl-apt</artifactId>
<version>${querydsl.version}</version>
<classifier>jakarta</classifier>
</path>
<path>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</path>
</annotationProcessorPaths>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
在GitHub上查看SAT 项目中的相关变更。
由于 hibernate-jpamodelgen
的影响,我们被迫使用这种方法,需要将其应用到所有与注解处理相关的依赖项(querydsl-apt
或 lombok
)。例如,当未以这种方式使用 lombok
时,我们会收到以下编译错误:
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] COMPILATION ERROR :
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\city\CityService.java:[15,30] error: variable repository not initialized in the default constructor
[INFO] 1 error
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 4.535 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-01-08T08:40:29+01:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.11.0:compile (default-compile) on project sat-jpa: Compilation failure
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\city\CityService.java:[15,30] error: variable repository not initialized in the default constructor
对 querydsl-apt
也是如此。在这种情况下,我们可以看到以下编译错误:
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 5.211 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-01-11T08:39:18+01:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:3.11.0:compile (default-compile) on project sat-jpa: Compilation failure: Compilation failure:
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\country\CountryRepository.java:[3,44] error: cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol: class QCountry
[ERROR] location: package com.github.aha.sat.jpa.country
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\country\CountryRepository.java:[3] error: static import only from classes and interfaces
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\country\CountryCustomRepositoryImpl.java:[3,41] error: cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol: class QCity
[ERROR] location: package com.github.aha.sat.jpa.city
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\country\CountryCustomRepositoryImpl.java:[3] error: static import only from classes and interfaces
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\country\CountryCustomRepositoryImpl.java:[4,44] error: cannot find symbol
[ERROR] symbol: class QCountry
[ERROR] location: package com.github.aha.sat.jpa.country
[ERROR] <SAT_PATH>\sat-jpa\src\main\java\com\github\aha\sat\jpa\country\CountryCustomRepositoryImpl.java:[4] error: static import only from classes and interfaces
[ERROR] -> [Help 1]
原因很明显。我们需要同时应用所有的注解处理器。否则,一些代码片段可能会丢失,我们会收到编译错误。
第二个次要问题与 Unpaged
类的变化有关。Jackson 库对 PageImpl
的序列化受到了 Unpaged
从 enum
更改为 class
的影响(见 spring-projects/spring-data-commons#2987)。
public interface Pageable {
static Pageable unpaged() {
return Unpaged.INSTANCE;
}
...
}
enum Unpaged implements Pageable {
INSTANCE;
...
}
public interface Pageable {
static Pageable unpaged() {
return unpaged(Sort.unsorted());
}
static Pageable unpaged(Sort sort) {
return Unpaged.sorted(sort);
}
...
}
final class Unpaged implements Pageable {
private static final Pageable UNSORTED = new Unpaged(Sort.unsorted());
...
}
当使用 new PageImpl<City>(cities)
(正如我们习惯使用的)时,将出现此错误:
2024-01-11T08:47:56.446+01:00 WARN 5168 --- [sat-elk] [ main] .w.s.m.s.DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver : Resolved [org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotWritableException: Could not write JSON: (was java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException)]
MockHttpServletRequest:
HTTP Method = GET
Request URI = /api/cities/country/Spain
Parameters = {}
Headers = []
Body = null
Session Attrs = {}
Handler:
Type = com.github.aha.sat.elk.city.CityController
Method = com.github.aha.sat.elk.city.CityController#searchByCountry(String, Pageable)
Async:
Async started = false
Async result = null
Resolved Exception:
Type = org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotWritableException
解决方法是使用带有所有属性的构造函数:
new PageImpl<City>(cities, ofSize(PAGE_SIZE), cities.size())
而不是:
new PageImpl<City>(cities)
注意:应该在 Spring Boot 3.3 中修复此问题(参见 此问题评论)。
本文介绍了升级到最新版本 Spring Boot 3.2.2 时发现的两个问题。文章首先讨论了由于改变的 Hibernate 依赖管理而处理注解处理器的情况。接下来,解释了 Unpaged
类的变化以及使用 PageImpl
的解决方法。
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本文链接: Querydsl vs. JPA Criteria,第6部分:Spring Boot 3.2升级指南,适用于Spring Data JPA和Querydsl项目